Educational Scenario: This is a fictional case study created for educational purposes. Business details are not real, but the attack methods and impacts represent documented cybersecurity threats.

Real Estate
Critical Impact
Transaction Interception
Educational Scenario

Real Estate Closing Wire Fraud

Real estate agency's email was spoofed to redirect closing funds, causing deal cancellations and reputation damage.

Potential Impact
$850,000
Timeline
1 day
Business Size
6 agents, 3 support staff
Scenario Location
Miami, Florida
Attack Timeline Scenario
1

Fraudulent Instructions

February 14, 2024

Buyers received wire transfer instructions appearing to come from their real estate agent with 'updated' bank account information

2

Wire Sent

February 14, 2024

Buyers' bank processed $850,000 wire transfer for their home purchase to the fraudulent account

3

Closing Day Discovery

February 15, 2024

At the scheduled closing, the title company revealed they never received the wire transfer

4

Investigation Begins

February 15, 2024

FBI contacted, banks notified, but funds had already been moved through multiple accounts

5

Recovery Failure

February 16, 2024

Only $150,000 of the original $850,000 was recovered before funds disappeared overseas

Potential Impact Analysis

Financial Impact

$700,000 client loss, $100,000 in legal fees, loss of commission on multiple deals

Operational Impact

All pending transactions required new security protocols, deals delayed or cancelled

Reputation Impact

Lost all referral relationships, negative real estate community publicity

Legal Impact

Multiple lawsuits, real estate license review, E&O insurance claims

Technical Attack Details

Attack Method

Email spoofing targeting high-value real estate closing communications

Common Vulnerabilities

  • No email authentication system
  • Standard practice of emailing wire instructions
  • No verification protocols for financial instructions
  • Clients unfamiliar with verification procedures

Types of Data at Risk

  • Property transaction details
  • Client financial information
  • Closing timeline information
  • Wire transfer instructions and account details
Key Lessons
  • Real estate closings are extremely high-value targets
  • Wire transfer instructions should never be sent via email
  • Multiple verification methods are essential for large transactions
  • Client education about fraud prevention is critical
Prevention Measures
  • Implement DMARC email authentication
  • Never send wire instructions via email
  • Require phone verification with known numbers
  • Use secure client portals for sensitive information
  • Educate clients about common fraud tactics
Educational Outcome

The real estate agency lost their largest clients and had to close one office location. The principal broker's license was suspended for 6 months for failing to have adequate security protocols. They've since implemented strict verification procedures but have never fully recovered their previous transaction volume.

Protect Your Business from These Threats

This scenario shows how these attacks can be prevented with proper email security measures. Get a free scan to see if your business is vulnerable.